Topic 1: Exam Pool A
A solutions architect is designing a two-tier web application The application consists of a public-facing web tier hosted on Amazon EC2 in public subnets The database tier consists of Microsoft SQL Server running on Amazon EC2 in a private subnet Security is a high priority for the company
How should security groups be configured in this situation? (Select TWO )
A. Configure the security group for the web tier to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
B. Configure the security group for the web tier to allow outbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
C. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow inbound traffic on port 1433 from the security group for the web tier.
D. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow outbound traffic on ports 443 and 1433 to the security group for the web tier.
E. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow inbound traffic on ports 443 and 1433 from the security group for the web tier.
Explanation: "Security groups create an outbound rule for every inbound rule." Not completely right. Statefull does NOT mean that if you create an inbound (or outbound) rule, it will create an outbound (or inbound) rule. What it does mean is: suppose you create an inbound rule on port 443 for the X ip. When a request enters on port 443 from X ip, it will allow traffic out for that request in the port 443. However, if you look at the outbound rules, there will not be any outbound rule on port 443 unless explicitly create it. In ACLs, which are stateless, you would have to create an inbound rule to allow incoming requests and an outbound rule to allow your application responds to those incoming requests.
A company is deploying a new public web application to AWS. The application will run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application needs to be encrypted at the edge with an SSL/TLS certificate that is issued by an external certificate authority (CA).
The certificate must be rotated each year before the certificate expires. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue an SSL/TLS certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.
B. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue an SSL/TLS certificate. Import the key material from the certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.
C. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) Private Certificate Authority to issue an SSL/TLS certificate from the root CA. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.
D. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to import an SSL/TLS certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send a notification when the certificate is nearing expiration. Rotate the certificate manually.
A company is preparing to store confidential data in Amazon S3 For compliance reasons the data must be encrypted at rest Encryption key usage must be logged tor auditing purposes. Keys must be rotated every year.
Which solution meets these requirements and «the MOST operationally efferent?
A. Server-side encryption with customer-provided keys (SSE-C)
B. Server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3)
C. Server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) customer master keys (CMKs) with manual rotation
D. Server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) customer master keys (CMKs) with automate rotation
A solutions architect is designing the cloud architecture for a new application being deployed on AWS. The process should run in parallel while adding and removing application nodes as needed based on the number of jobs to be processed. The processor application is stateless. The solutions architect must ensure that the application is loosely coupled and the job items are durably stored.
Which design should the solutions architect use?
A. Create an Amazon SNS topic to send the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch configuration that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch configuration Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on CPU usage
B. Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch configuration that uses the AM' Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch configuration Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on network usage
C. Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that needs to be processed Create an Amazon Machine image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch template that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch template Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of items in the SQS queue
D. Create an Amazon SNS topic to send the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch template that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch template Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of messages published to the SNS topic
Explanation: "Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that needs to be processed. Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group for the compute application. Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of items in the SQS queue"
In this case we need to find a durable and loosely coupled solution for storing jobs. Amazon SQS is ideal for this use case and can be configured to use dynamic scaling based on the number of jobs waiting in the queue.To configure this scaling you can use the backlog per instance metric with the target value being the acceptable backlog per instance to maintain. You can calculate these numbers as follows: Backlog per instance: To calculate your backlog per instance, start with the ApproximateNumberOfMessages queue attribute to determine the length of the SQS queue
A solutions architect has created two IAM policies: Policy1 and Policy2. Both policies are attached to an IAM group.
https://selfexamtraining.com/uploadimages/SAA-C03-Q-393.png
A cloud engineer is added as an IAM user to the IAM group. Which action will the cloud engineer be able to perform?
A. Deleting IAM users
B. Deleting directories
C. Deleting Amazon EC2 instances
D. Deleting logs from Amazon CloudWatch Logs
A company receives 10 TB of instrumentation data each day from several machines located at a single factory. The data consists of JSON files stored on a storage area network (SAN) in an on-premises data center located within the factory. The company wants to send this data to Amazon S3 where it can be accessed by several additional systems that provide critical near-real-lime analytics. A secure transfer is important because the data is considered sensitive.
Which solution offers the MOST reliable data transfer?
A. AWS DataSync over public internet
B. AWS DataSync over AWS Direct Connect
C. AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) over public internet
D. AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) over AWS Direct Connect
A company runs a highly available image-processing application on Amazon EC2 instances in a single VPC The EC2 instances run inside several subnets across multiple Availability Zones. The EC2 instances do not communicate with each other However, the EC2 instances download images from Amazon S3 and upload images to Amazon S3 through a single NAT gateway The company is concerned about data transfer charges
What is the MOST cost-effective way for the company to avoid Regional data transfer charges?
A. Launch the NAT gateway in each Availability Zone
B. Replace the NAT gateway with a NAT instance
C. Deploy a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3
D. Provision an EC2 Dedicated Host to run the EC2 instances
Explanation: In this scenario, the company wants to avoid regional data transfer charges while downloading and uploading images from Amazon S3. To accomplish this at the lowest cost, the NAT gateway should be launched in each availability zone that the EC2 instances are running in. This allows the EC2 instances to route traffic through the local NAT gateway instead of sending traffic across an availability zone boundary and incurring regional data transfer fees. This method will help reduce the data transfer costs since inter- Availability Zone data transfers in a single region are free of charge.
A company is implementing a shared storage solution for a media application that is hosted m the AWS Cloud The company needs the ability to use SMB clients to access data The solution must he fully managed.
Which AWS solution meets these requirements?
A. Create an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway. Create a file share that uses the required client protocol Connect the application server to the file share.
B. Create an AWS Storage Gateway tape gateway Configure (apes to use Amazon S3 Connect the application server lo the tape gateway
C. Create an Amazon EC2 Windows instance Install and configure a Windows file share role on the instance. Connect the application server to the file share.
D. Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server tile system Attach the fie system to the origin server. Connect the application server to the file system
A company is building an ecommerce web application on AWS. The application sends information about new orders to an Amazon API Gateway REST API to process. The company wants to ensure that orders are processed in the order that they are received.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use an API Gateway integration to publish a message to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when the application receives an order. Subscribe an AWS Lambda function to the topic to perform processing.
B. Use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue when the application receives an order. Configure the SQS FIFO queue to invoke an AWS Lambda function for processing.
C. Use an API Gateway authorizer to block any requests while the application processes an order.
D. Use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue when the application receives an order. Configure the SQS standard queue to invoke an AWS Lambda function for processing.
Explanation: To ensure that orders are processed in the order that they are received, the best solution is to use an Amazon SQS FIFO (First-In-First-Out) queue. This type of queue maintains the exact order in which messages are sent and received. In this case, the application can send information about new orders to an Amazon API Gateway REST API, which can then use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon SQS FIFO queue for processing. The queue can then be configured to invoke an AWS Lambda function to perform the necessary processing on each order. This ensures that orders are processed in the exact order in which they are received.
A company uses Amazon EC2 instances to host its internal systems. As part of a deployment operation, an administrator tries to use the AWS CLI to terminate an EC2 instance. However, the administrator receives a 403 (Access Denied) error message.
The administrator is using an IAM role that has the following IAM policy attached:
https://selfexamtraining.com/uploadimages/SAA-C03-Q-399.png
What is the cause of the unsuccessful request?
A. The EC2 instance has a resource-based policy with a Deny statement
B. The principal has not been specified in the policy statement
C. The "Action" field does not grant the actions that are required to terminate the EC2 instance.
D. The request to terminate the EC2 instance does not originate from the CIDR blocks 192.0.2.0/24 or 203.0 113.0/24
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