Topic 4: Exam Pool D
A company runs its applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company performs periodic financial assessments of its AWS costs. The company recently identified unusual spending. The company needs a solution to prevent unusual spending. The solution must monitor costs and notify responsible stakeholders in the event of unusual spending. Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use an AWS Budgets template to create a zero spend budget
B. Create an AWS Cost Anomaly Detection monitor in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console.
C. CreateAWS Pricing Calculator estimates for the current running workload pricing details_
D. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor costs and to identify unusual spending
Explanation: it allows the company to monitor costs and notify responsible stakeholders in the event of unusual spending. By creating an AWS Cost Anomaly Detection monitor in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console, the company can use a machine learning service that automatically detects and alerts on anomalous spend. By configuring alert thresholds, notification preferences, and root cause analysis, the company can prevent unusual spending and identify its source.
References:
AWS Cost Anomaly Detection
Creating a Cost Anomaly Monitor
A company wants to migrate an on-premises data center to AWS. The data canter hosts an SFTP server that stores its data on an NFS-based file system. The server holds 200 GB of data that needs to be transferred. The server must be hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance that uses an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system
When combination of steps should a solutions architect take to automate this task? (Select TWO )
A. Launch the EC2 instance into the same Avalability Zone as the EFS fie system
B. install an AWS DataSync agent m the on-premises data center
C. Create a secondary Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume on the EC2 instance tor the data
D. Manually use an operating system copy command to push the data to the EC2 instance
E. Use AWS DataSync to create a suitable location configuration for the onprermises SFTP server
Explanation: AWS DataSync is an online data movement and discovery service that simplifies data migration and helps users quickly, easily, and securely move their file or object data to, from, and between AWS storage services1. Users can use AWS DataSync to transfer data between on-premises and AWS storage services. To use AWS DataSync, users need to install an AWS DataSync agent in the on-premises data center. The agent is a software appliance that connects to the source or destination storage system and handles the data transfer to or from AWS over the network2. Users also need to use AWS DataSync to create a suitable location configuration for the on-premises SFTP server. A location is a logical representation of a storage system that contains files or objects that users want to transfer using DataSync. Users can create locations for NFS shares, SMB shares, HDFS file systems, self-managed object storage, Amazon S3 buckets, Amazon EFS file systems, Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file systems, Amazon FSx for Lustre file systems, Amazon FSx for OpenZFS file systems, Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP file systems, and AWS Snowcone devices3.
A company has deployed its newest product on AWS. The product runs in an Auto Scaling group behind a Network Load Balancer. The company stores the product's objects in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company recently experienced malicious attacks against its systems. The company needs a solution that continuously monitors for malicious activity in the AWS account, workloads, and access patterns to the S3 bucket. The solution must also report suspicious activity and display the information on a dashboard. Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure Amazon Made to monitor and report findings to AWS Config.
B. Configure Amazon Inspector to monitor and report findings to AWS CloudTrail.
C. Configure Amazon GuardDuty to monitor and report findings to AWS Security Hub.
D. Configure AWS Config to monitor and report findings to Amazon EventBridge.
Explanation: Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service that continuously monitors for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior across the AWS account and workloads. GuardDuty analyzes data sources such as AWS CloudTrail event logs, Amazon VPC Flow Logs, and DNS logs to identify potential threats such as compromised instances, reconnaissance, port scanning, and data exfiltration. GuardDuty can report its findings to AWS Security Hub, which is a service that provides a comprehensive view of the security posture of the AWS account and workloads. Security Hub aggregates, organizes, and prioritizes security alerts from multiple AWS services and partner solutions, and displays them on a dashboard. This solution will meet the requirements, as it enables continuous monitoring, reporting, and visualization of malicious activity in the AWS account, workloads, and access patterns to the S3 bucket.
A gaming company uses Amazon DynamoDB to store user information such as geographic location, player data, and leaderboards. The company needs to configure continuous backups to an Amazon S3 bucket with a minimal amount of coding. The backups must not affect availability of the application and must not affect the read capacity units (RCUs) that are defined for the table Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Use an Amazon EMR cluster. Create an Apache Hive job to back up the data to Amazon S3.
B. Export the data directly from DynamoDB to Amazon S3 with continuous backups. Turn on point-in-time recovery for the table.
C. Configure Amazon DynamoDB Streams. Create an AWS Lambda function to consume the stream and export the data to an Amazon S3 bucket.
D. Create an AWS Lambda function to export the data from the database tables to Amazon S3 on a regular basis. Turn on point-in-time recovery for the table.
A solutions architect is designing a new hybrid architecture to extend a company s on- premises infrastructure to AWS The company requires a highly available connection with consistent low latency to an AWS Region. The company needs to minimize costs and is willing to accept slower traffic if the primary connection fails.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region Provision a VPN connection as a backup if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.
B. Provision a VPN tunnel connection to a Region for private connectivity. Provision a second VPN tunnel for private connectivity and as a backup if the primary VPN connection fails.
C. Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region Provision a second Direct Connect connection to the same Region as a backup if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.
D. Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region Use the Direct Connect failover attribute from the AWS CLI to automatically create a backup connection if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.
Explanation: "In some cases, this connection alone is not enough. It is always better to guarantee a fallback connection as the backup of DX. There are several options, but implementing it with an AWS Site-To-Site VPN is a real cost-effective solution that can be exploited to reduce costs or, in the meantime, wait for the setup of a second DX."
A company has hired a solutions architect to design a reliable architecture for its application. The application consists of one Amazon RDS DB instance and two manually provisioned Amazon EC2 instances that run web servers. The EC2 instances are located in a single Availability Zone. An employee recently deleted the DB instance, and the application was unavailable for 24 hours as a result. The company is concerned with the overall reliability of its environment. What should the solutions architect do to maximize reliability of the application's infrastructure?
A. Delete one EC2 instance and enable termination protection on the other EC2 instance. Update the DB instance to be Multi-AZ, and enable deletion protection.
B. Update the DB instance to be Multi-AZ, and enable deletion protection. Place the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer, and run them in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones.
C. Create an additional DB instance along with an Amazon API Gateway and an AWS Lambda function. Configure the application to invoke the Lambda function through API Gateway. Have the Lambda function write the data to the two DB instances.
D. Place the EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group that has multiple subnets located in multiple Availability Zones. Use Spot Instances instead of On-Demand Instances. Set up Amazon CloudWatch alarms to monitor the health of the instances. Update the DB instance to be Multi-AZ, and enable deletion protection.
Explanation: This answer is correct because it meets the requirements of maximizing the reliability of the application’s infrastructure. You can update the DB instance to be Multi-AZ, which means that Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a synchronous standby replica in a different Availability Zone. The primary DB instance is synchronously replicated across Availability Zones to a standby replica to provide data redundancy and minimize latency spikes during system backups. Running a DB instance with high availability can enhance availability during planned system maintenance. It can also help protect your databases against DB instance failure and Availability Zone disruption. You can also enable deletion protection on the DB instance, which prevents the DB instance from being deleted by any user. You can place the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer, which distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, in multiple Availability Zones. This increases the availability and fault tolerance of your applications. You can run the EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones, which ensures that you have the correct number of EC2 instances available to handle the load for your application. You can use scaling policies to adjust the number of instances in your Auto Scaling group in response to changing demand.
A company that hosts its web application on AWS wants to ensure all Amazon EC2 instances. Amazon RDS DB instances. and Amazon Redshift clusters are configured with tags. The company wants to minimize the effort of configuring and operating this check.
What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this?
A. Use AWS Config rules to define and detect resources that are not properly tagged.
B. Use Cost Explorer to display resources that are not properly tagged. Tag those resources manually.
C. Write API calls to check all resources for proper tag allocation. Periodically run the code on an EC2 instance.
D. Write API calls to check all resources for proper tag allocation. Schedule an AWS Lambda function through Amazon CloudWatch to periodically run the code.
Explanation: To ensure all Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon RDS DB instances, and Amazon Redshift clusters are configured with tags, a solutions architect should use AWS Config rules to define and detect resources that are not properly tagged. AWS Config rules are a set of customizable rules that AWS Config uses to evaluate AWS resource configurations for compliance with best practices and company policies. Using AWS Config rules can minimize the effort of configuring and operating this check because it automates the process of identifying non-compliant resources and notifying the responsible teams.
A solutions architect is designing a REST API in Amazon API Gateway for a cash payback service The application requires 1 GB of memory and 2 GB of storage for its computation resources. The application will require that the data is in a relational format. Which additional combination of AWS services will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort? {Select TWO.)
A. Amazon EC2
B. AWS Lambda
C. Amazon RDS
D. Amazon DynamoDB
E. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services (Amazon EKS)
Explanation: AWS Lambda is a service that lets users run code without provisioning or managing servers. It automatically scales and manages the underlying compute resources for the code. It supports multiple languages, such as Java, Python, Node.js, and Go1. By using AWS Lambda for the REST API, the solution can meet the requirements of 1 GB of memory and minimal administrative effort.
Amazon RDS is a service that makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while automating time-consuming administration tasks such as hardware provisioning, database setup, patching and backups. It supports multiple database engines, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and SQL Server2. By using Amazon RDS for the data store, the solution can meet the requirements of 2 GB of storage and a relational format.
Amazon EC2. This solution will not meet the requirement of minimal administrative effort, as Amazon EC2 is a service that provides virtual servers in the cloud that users have to configure and manage themselves. It requires users to choose an instance type, an operating system, a security group, and other options3.
D. Amazon DynamoDB. This solution will not meet the requirement of a relational format, as Amazon DynamoDB is a service that provides a key-value and document database that delivers single-digit millisecond performance at any scale. It is a non-relational or NoSQL database that does not support joins or transactions.
E. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services (Amazon EKS). This solution will not meet the requirement of minimal administrative effort, as Amazon EKS is a service that provides a fully managed Kubernetes service that users have to configure and manage themselves. It requires users to create clusters, nodes groups, pods, services, and other Kubernetes resources.
Reference URL: https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/
A company is using a SQL database to store movie data that is publicly accessible. The database runs on an Amazon RDS Single-AZ DB instance A script runs queries at random intervals each day to record the number of new movies that have been added to the database. The script must report a final total during business hours The company's development team notices that the database performance is inadequate for development tasks when the script is running. A solutions architect must recommend a solution to resolve this issue. Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Modify the DB instance to be a Multi-AZ deployment
B. Create a read replica of the database Configure the script to query only the read replica
C. Instruct the development team to manually export the entries in the database at the end of each day
D. Use Amazon ElastiCache to cache the common queries that the script runs against the database
A company hosts more than 300 global websites and applications. The company requires a platform to analyze more than 30 TB of clickstream data each day. What should a solutions architect do to transmit and process the clickstream data?
A. Design an AWS Data Pipeline to archive the data to an Amazon S3 bucket and run an Amazon EMR duster with the data to generate analytics
B. Create an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances to process the data and send it to an Amazon S3 data lake for Amazon Redshift to use tor analysis
C. Cache the data to Amazon CloudFron: Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket When an object is added to the S3 bucket, run an AWS Lambda function to process the data tor analysis.
D. Collect the data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to transmit the data to an Amazon S3 data lake Load the data in Amazon Redshift for analysis
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