Topic 4: Exam Pool D
A company hosts an online shopping application that stores all orders in an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL Singfe-AZ DB instance. Management wants to eliminate single points of C^ilure and has asked a solutions architect to recommend an approach to minimize database downtime without requiring any changes to the application code. Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Convert the existing database instance to a Multi-AZ deployment by modifying the database instance and specifying the Multi-AZ option.
B. Create a new RDS Multi-AZ deployment. Take a snapshot of the current RDS instance and restore the new Multi-AZ deployment with the snapshot.
C. Create a read-only replica of the PostgreSQL database in another Availability Zone. Use Amazon Route 53 weighted record sets to distribute requests across the databases.
D. Place the RDS for PostgreSQL database in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group with a minimum group size of two. Use Amazon Route 53 weighted record sets to distribute requests across instances.
Explanation: https://aws.amazon.com/rds/features/multi-az/ To convert an existing Single- AZ DB Instance to a Multi-AZ deployment, use the "Modify" option corresponding to your DB Instance in the AWS Management Console.
A company has a production workload that is spread across different AWS accounts in various AWS Regions. The company uses AWS Cost Explorer to continuously monitor costs and usage. The company wants to receive notifications when the cost and usage spending of the workload is unusual. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
A. In the AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a linked account budget by using Cost Explorer in the AWS Cost Management console
B. In ys AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a linked account monitor by using AWS Cost Anomaly Detection in the AWS Cost Management console
C. In the AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a Cost and Usage Report by using Cost Anomaly Detection in the AWS Cost Management console.
D. Create a report and send email messages to notify the company on a weekly basis.
E. Create a subscription with the required threshold and notify the company by using weekly summaries.
Explanation: AWS Cost Anomaly Detection allows you to create monitors that track the cost and usage of your AWS resources and alert you when there is an unusual spending pattern. You can create monitors based on different dimensions, such as AWS services, accounts, tags, or cost categories. You can also create alert subscriptions that notify you by email or Amazon SNS when an anomaly is detected. You can specify the threshold and frequency of the alerts, and choose to receive weekly summaries of your anomalies.
A company uses AWS Organizations to create dedicated AWS accounts for each business unit to manage each business unit's account independently upon request. The root email recipient missed a notification that was sent to the root user email address of one account. The company wants to ensure that all future notifications are not missed. Future notifications must be limited to account administrators. Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure the company's email server to forward notification email messages that are sent to the AWS account root user email address to all users in the organization.
B. Configure all AWS account root user email addresses as distribution lists that go to a few administrators who can respond to alerts. Configure AWS account alternate contacts in the AWS Organizations console or programmatically.
C. Configure all AWS account root user email messages to be sent to one administrator who is responsible for monitoring alerts and forwarding those alerts to the appropriate groups.
D. Configure all existing AWS accounts and all newly created accounts to use the same root user email address. Configure AWS account alternate contacts in the AWS Organizations console or programmatically.
A company runs a three-tier application in two AWS Regions. The web tier, the application tier, and the database tier run on Amazon EC2 instances. The company uses Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise for the database tier The database tier is experiencing high load when weekly and monthly reports are run. The company wants to reduce the load on the database tier. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort?
A. Create read replicas. Configure the reports to use the new read replicas.
B. Convert the RDS database to Amazon DynamoDB_ Configure the reports to use DynamoDB
C. Modify the existing RDS DB instances by selecting a larger instance size.
D. Modify the existing ROS DB instances and put the instances into an Auto Scaling group.
Explanation: it allows the company to create read replicas of its RDS database and reduce the load on the database tier. By creating read replicas, the company can offload read traffic from the primary database instance to one or more replicas. By configuring the reports to use the new read replicas, the company can improve performance and availability of its database tier.
A company stores its application logs in an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. A new policy requires the company to store all application logs in Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service) in near-real time. Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription to stream the logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service).
B. Create an AWS Lambda function. Use the log group to invoke the function to write the logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service).
C. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream. Configure the log group as the delivery stream's source. Configure Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service) as the delivery stream's destination.
D. Install and configure Amazon Kinesis Agent on each application server to deliver the logs to Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Configure Kinesis Data Streams to deliver the logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service)
A company has developed a new video game as a web application. The application is in a three-tier architecture in a VPC with Amazon RDS for MySQL in the database layer. Several players will compete concurrently online. The game's developers want to display a top-10 scoreboard in near-real time and offer the ability to stop and restore the game while preserving the current scores. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Set up an Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached cluster to cache the scores for the web application to display.
B. Set up an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster to compute and cache the scores for the web application to display.
C. Place an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of the web application to cache the scoreboard in a section of the application.
D. Create a read replica on Amazon RDS for MySQL to run queries to compute the scoreboard and serve the read traffic to the web application.
Explanation: This answer is correct because it meets the requirements of displaying a top- 10 scoreboard in near-real time and offering the ability to stop and restore the game while preserving the current scores. Amazon ElastiCache for Redis is a blazing fast in-memory data store that provides sub-millisecond latency to power internet-scale real-time applications. You can use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to set up an ElastiCache for Redis cluster to compute and cache the scores for the web application to display. You can use Redis data structures such as sorted sets and hashes to store and rank the scores of the players, and use Redis commands such as ZRANGE and ZADD to retrieve and update the scores efficiently. You can also use Redis persistence features such as snapshots and append-only files (AOF) to enable point-in-time recovery of your data, which can help you stop and restore the game while preserving the current scores.
A company uses a three-tier web application to provide training to new employees. The application is accessed for only 12 hours every day. The company is using an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance to store information and wants to minimize costs. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Configure an IAM policy for AWS Systems Manager Session Manager. Create an IAM role for the policy. Update the trust relationship of the role. Set up automatic start and stop for the DB instance.
B. Create an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cache cluster that gives users the ability to access the data from the cache when the DB instance is stopped. Invalidate the cache after the DB instance is started.
C. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. Create an IAM role that grants access to Amazon RDS. Attach the role to the EC2 instance. Configure a cron job to start and stop the EC2 instance on the desired schedule.
D. Create AWS Lambda functions to start and stop the DB instance. Create Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) scheduled rules to invoke the Lambda functions. Configure the Lambda functions as event targets for the rules
Explanation: In a typical development environment, dev and test databases are mostly utilized for 8 hours a day and sit idle when not in use. However, the databases are billed for the compute and storage costs during this idle time. To reduce the overall cost, Amazon RDS allows instances to be stopped temporarily. While the instance is stopped, you’re charged for storage and backups, but not for the DB instance hours. Please note that a stopped instance will automatically be started after 7 days. This post presents a solution using AWS Lambda and Amazon EventBridge that allows you to schedule a Lambda function to stop and start the idle databases with specific tags to save on compute costs. The second post presents a solution that accomplishes stop and start of the idle Amazon RDS databases using AWS Systems Manager.
A solutions architect is creating a new Amazon CloudFront distribution for an application. Some of the information submitted by users is sensitive. The application uses HTTPS but needs another layer of security. The sensitive information should.be protected throughout the entire application stack, and access to the information should be restricted to certain applications. Which action should the solutions architect take?
A. Configure a CloudFront signed URL.
B. Configure a CloudFront signed cookie.
C. Configure a CloudFront field-level encryption profile.
D. Configure CloudFront and set the Origin Protocol Policy setting to HTTPS Only for the Viewer Protocol Policy.
Explanation: it allows the company to protect sensitive information submitted by users throughout the entire application stack and restrict access to certain applications. By configuring a CloudFront field-level encryption profile, the company can encrypt specific fields of user data at the edge locations before sending it to the origin servers. By using public-private key pairs, the company can ensure that only authorized applications can decrypt and access the sensitive information.
A company is deploying an application that processes large quantities of data in parallel. The company plans to use Amazon EC2 instances for the workload. The network architecture must be configurable to prevent groups of nodes from sharing the same underlying hardware. Which networking solution meets these requirements?
A. Run the EC2 instances in a spread placement group.
B. Group the EC2 instances in separate accounts.
C. Configure the EC2 instances with dedicated tenancy.
D. Configure the EC2 instances with shared tenancy.
Explanation: it allows the company to deploy an application that processes large quantities of data in parallel and prevent groups of nodes from sharing the same underlying hardware. By running the EC2 instances in a spread placement group, the company can launch a small number of instances across distinct underlying hardware to reduce correlated failures. A spread placement group ensures that each instance is isolated from each other at the rack level.
A company has a large workload that runs every Friday evening. The workload runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in two Availability Zones in the us-east-1 Region. Normally, the company must run no more than two instances at all times. However, the company wants to scale up to six instances each Friday to handle a regularly repeating increased workload. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create a reminder in Amazon EventBridge to scale the instances.
B. Create an Auto Scaling group that has a scheduled action.
C. Create an Auto Scaling group that uses manual scaling.
D. Create an Auto Scaling group that uses automatic scaling.
Explanation: An Auto Scaling group is a collection of EC2 instances that share similar characteristics and can be scaled in or out automatically based on demand. An Auto Scaling group can have a scheduled action, which is a configuration that tells the group to scale to a specific size at a specific time. This way, the company can scale up to six instances each Friday evening to handle the increased workload, and scale down to two instances at other times to save costs. This solution meets the requirements with the least operational overhead, as it does not require manual intervention or custom scripts.
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